
初二上册英语期末助动词的用法复习要点
1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词(AuxiliaryVerb)。被协助的动词称作主要动词(MainVerb)。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。例如:
Hedoesn'tlikeEnglish. 他不喜欢英语。
(doesn't是助动词,无词义;like是主要动词,有词义)
2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用,可以用来:
a.表示时态,例如:
Heissinging. 他在唱歌。
Hehasgotmarried. 他已结婚。
b.表示语态,例如:
HewassenttoEngland. 他被派往英国。
c.构成疑问句,例如:
Doyoulikecollegelife? 你喜欢大学生活吗?
DidyoustudyEnglishbeforeyoucamehere?你来这儿之前学过英语吗?
d.与否定副词not合用,构成否定句,例如:
Idon'tlikehim. 我不喜欢他。
e.加强语气,例如:
Docometothepartytomorrowevening.明天晚上一定来参加晚会。
Hedidknowthat. 他的确知道那件事。
3.最常用的助动词有:be,have,do,shall,will,should,would
7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do
1.forget to do忘记要去做某事(未做);forget doing忘记做过某事(已做)
The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.
办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)
He forgot turning the light off.
他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)
Don't forget to come tomorrow.
别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)
典型例题
---- The light in the office is still on.
---- Oh,I forgot___.
A. turning it off B. turn it off
C. to turn it off D. having turned it off
答案:C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着,即关灯的动作没有发生,因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了,而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。
2.remember to do记得去做某事(未做);
remember doing记得做过某事(已做)
Remember to go to the post office after school.记着放学后去趟邮局。
Don't you remember seeing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗?
8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.
1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点,表示客观形式的形容词,如:
easy, hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等:
It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。
2.of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格,品德,表示主观感情或态度的形容词。如:
good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。
It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我,你真是太好了。
3.for 与of 的辨别方法:
用介词后面的代词作主语,用介词前边的形容词作表语,造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of,不通则用for。如:
You are nice. (通顺,所以应用of)。
He is hard. (人是困难的,不通,因此应用for。)
9) 对两个句子的提问
新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势,现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如:
句子:The boy in blue has three pens.
提问:1. Who has three pens?
2. Which boy has three pens?
3. What does the boy in blue have?
4. How many pens does the boy in blue have?
很显然,学生多了更多的回答角度,也体现了考试的灵活性。再如:
句子:He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.
提问:1. Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
2. Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
3. What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?
4. With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?
5. What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?
6. When does he usually go to the park with his friends?
10) so、such与不定冠词的使用
1.so与不定冠词a、an连用,结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如:
He is so funny a boy.
Jim has so big ……此处隐藏3850个字……,又
可以修饰不可数名词。如:
I have a lot of friends in China. 我在中国有很多朋友。
The old man has lots of money. 那位老人有很多的钱。
2.many意为“许多”.它用来修饰可数名词。如:
Do you have many beautiful skirts? 你有很多漂亮的裙子吗?
3.much意为“大量”.它用来修饰不可数名词。如:
There is much water in the lake. 湖里有大量的水。
4.a lot of(=lots of)用在肯定句中,而many,much不受限制。如果将一个含有a lot of(=lots of)的肯定句改为否定句或疑问句,要将它们改为many或much。如:
We can see a lot of birds in the tree.
---We can't see many birds in the tree. 我们在树上看不到很多鸟儿。
He wants lots of soda.
---Does he want much soda? 他需要许多汽水吗?
38) help用法举例
help既可以作名词,也可以作动词。
1.help作名词,意为“帮助”。如:
He needs some help. 他需要一些帮助。
2.help作动词,也是“帮助”的意思。如:
Can you help me? 你能帮帮我吗?
3.help的结构:
help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做某事
=help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
如:They want to help the boy carry the heavy box.
=They want to help the boy with the heavy box.
他们想要帮助那位男孩搬那个重箱子。
39) well的用法
well可以作副词,也可以作形容词。
1.well作副词,意为“(某事干得)好”。如:
The boy draws very well. 男孩画得很好。
2.well作形容词,意为“健康、安好”。如:
I'm not feeling well. 我觉得不舒服。
40) ago与before
ago与before都表示“......以前”,但用法有所区别。
1.ago意为“以前”,表示从此刻算起的若干时间之前,常用于过去时的句子中。如:
He took a photo a week ago. 他一周前照了一张相片。
2.before作为副词时表示:
a.从过去某一时刻算起的若干时间以前,用于过去完成时的句子中。如:
The boy had already seen the comedy before.
那男孩以前已经看过那部喜剧片了。
.笼统的“以前”,用于一般过去时或现在完成时的句子中,一般单独使用,而ago不可以单独使用。如:
He's read this novel before. 他以前读过这部小说。
41) need的用法
1.need作实义动词,意为“需要”。如:
Do you need to stay at home? 你要呆在家里吗?
2.need作情态动词,一般用于对must的否定回答。如:
---Must he leave now? 他必须离开吗?
---No, he needn't. 不,他不必。
3.区分:
a.need作实义动词。
He needs to go.
He doesn't need to go.
Does he need to go?
Yes, he does./No, he doesn't.
.need作情态动词,一般不用于肯定句。
He needn't go.
Need he go?
Yes, he need./No, he needn't.
42) decide的几种句式
1.decide to do sth 决定去做某事
They decide to fly kite on weekend. 他们决定在周末去放风筝。
2.decide on doing sth 决定做某事
They decide on flying kites. 他们决定放风筝。
3.decide on sth 就某事决定......
Betty decided on the red skirt. 贝蒂选定了那条红裙子。
4.decide的名词形式为decision,结构:make a decision,意为“做决定”。如:
He has made a decision. 他已经做一个决定了。
43) too many,too much与much too
1.too many意为“太多”,用于修饰可数名词的复数。如:
There are too many students in our class. 我们班上有太多的学生。
2.too much意为“太多”,用于修饰不可数名词。如:
We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。
3.much too表示“太”,用来修饰形容词或副词。如:
The box is much too heavy, so I can't carry it.
箱子太重了,所以我搬不动它。
44) can的用法
1.表示能力。如:
We can carry the heavy box. 我们可以搬得动箱子。
Who can sing an English song? 谁会唱英文歌?
2.表示惊讶、不相信等态度,主要用于否定句和疑问句中。如:
Can it be true? 这会是真的吗?
You can't be serious? 你不会当真吧?
3.表示允许,意思与may相近,主要用于口语中。如:
Can I smoke here? 我可以在这儿吸烟吗?
Can I go with him? 我可以跟他一起去吗?



